• Droplet precautions include:
  • standard PPE

• • standard surgical mask for providers who accompany patients in the back of the ambulance
  • surgical mask or non-rebreather O2 mask for the patient.
• This level of precaution should be utilized when:
  • influenza
  • meningitis
  • mumps
  • streptococcal pharyngitis
  • and other illnesses spread via large particle droplets are suspected.
• A patient with a potentially infectious rash should be treated with droplet precautions.

• Airborne precautions include:
  • standard PPE
  • utilization of a gown
  • change of gloves after every patient contact
  • strict hand washing precautions
• This level of precaution should be utilized when:
  • multi-drug resistant organisms
    • (i.e., MRSA)
    • scabies
    • zoster (shingles)
    • or other illnesses spread by contact are suspected.
• All-hazards precautions include:
  • standard PPE
    • airborne precautions
    • contact precautions
  • This level of precaution is utilized during:
  •  the initial phases of an outbreak
  • when the etiology of the infection is unknown or
  • when the causative agent is found to be highly contagious (i.e., SARS).